新概念英语第一册语法解析：陈述句的五种基本句型

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新概念英语第一册语法解析：陈述句的五种基本句型

在英语中，用来陈述一件事或表示一种看法的句子叫陈述句。这与汉语陈述句的概念一模一样。

陈述句的五种基本句型

(1) 主语+连系动词+表语

I am a student. 我在学生。

They feel happy. 他们感到高兴。

(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)

The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。

The bell has rung. 铃声响过了。

(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语

He is doing morning exercises. 他在做早操。

I like English. 我喜欢英语。

(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语

My father bought me a MP4. 我父亲给我买了一个MP4。

He asked me a question. 他问了我一个问题。

(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语

She found this question easy. 她发现这题容易。

We saw him swimming in the river. 我们看见他正在河里游泳

新概念英语第一册语法知识点：realize understand和set短语

今天我们看一看的这个 realize, understand的区别，以及set的动词短语

Realize & Understand

realize vt. 意识到……

He didn't realize that he had made a mistake.

他没有意识到他犯了一个错误.

realize vt. 实现……

understand vt. 明白……

I don't understand English. 我不懂英语.

set+副词构成的短语动词

set out 出发，动身 从某地出发的意思

When’ll you set out for London?

set off 出发，启程 含开始(旅行、赛跑等)的意思

I’ll set off for home the day after tomorrow.

set up 创立，建立;(a record)创造……记录

Mr. Jackson has set up a school in the village.

Has Tom set up a new world record?

练习：

1. It's not easy to _____ your dream.

2.Looking around, I _____ with a shock that I was the only passger left on

the bus.

3. He set ____ on his journey in spite of the heavy rain.

4. Tazieff was able to set _____ his camp very close to the volcano .

5.He set _____ a new world record in September,1935

正确答案:

1. realize, 2.realize, 3.off 4. up 5.up

新概念英语第一册语法知识点：must的用法

一、《新概念英语》中的must

在《新概念英语》经典版中，must出现的频率较高，分别出现在第一册第43-46课、第61-66课、第77-80课、第125-132课以及第二册第17课、第41课、第65课、第89课。

must比较常见的用法是：表义务或要求等的“必须”;表猜测的“肯定，一定”。

二、表义务或要求等

这时，must表示“必须”。如：

肯定句：He must have some water after the heavy work.

否定句：He needn't have any water after the heavy work.

一般疑问句及其回答：Must he have any water after the heavy work? Yes, he must. / No,

he needn't.

划线部分提问：What must he do after the heavy work?(假如划线部分为have some water的话)

【注意】

(一)mustn't与needn't

很多学生一说到must的否定，首先想到的一般都是mustn't。所以，老师需要提醒学生注意：must表必须时的否定形式是needn't(不必)，而不是mustn't(禁止，不能)。

(二)must与have to

虽然have to(不得不，必须)经常被归到情态动词里，但其实have

to并不是情态动词，这里的have其实是实义动词，从句子功能来讲，就跟work或play等动词的基本用法是一样的。它与must的区别主要有：

1、must没有时态、人称和数的变化，而have to有时态、人称和数的变化。如：

must：She must go home right away.

have to：She has to go home right away.

再比如：

must：She must attend the meeting yesterday.

have to：She had to attend the meeting yesterday.

2、因为must没有时态的变化，而have to有，所以在句型转换中，要注意两者的区别。如：

1)must

肯定句：She must attend the meeting yesterday.

否定句：She needn't attend the meeting yesterday.

一般疑问句及其回答：Must she attend the meeting yesterday? Yes, she must. / No, she

needn't.

划线部分提问：What must she do yesterday? (假如划线部分为attend the meeting的话)

2)have to

肯定句：She had to attend the meeting yesterday.

否定句：She didn't have to attend the meeting yesterday.

一般疑问句及其回答：Did she have to attend the meeting yesterday? Yes, she did. / No,

she didn't.

划线部分提问：What did she have to do yesterday? (假如划线部分为attend the meeting的话)

3、must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使，认为有必要或有义务去做某事，一般译为“必须”，而have

to多表示客观存在的环境所限，即客观要求而无奈为之，一般译为“不得不做某事”。如：

主观认为、无人.I must clean the kitchen because it is too dirty.

(因为太脏了，我必须要打扫房间。)

客观所逼、不得不做：I have to do my homework now.(我现在不得不做作业。)

4、尽管have to与must存在以上区别，在must的否定句以及一般疑问句的否定回答中，也经常可以用have

to来替换needn't。如：

肯定句：She must attend the meeting yesterday.

否定句：She needn't/doesn't have to attend the meeting yesterday.

一般疑问句及其回答：Must she attend the meeting yesterday? Yes, she must. / No, she

needn't/doesn't have to.

三、表猜测

我们在“情态动词can的考点用法”一文中，已经提到，can't表达的是否定猜测，而must则表示肯定猜测，意思是某人或某物一定或肯定会怎么样。

与can't一样，must主要用来表示对现在时间或是过去时间发生的事情的肯定猜测。

(一)对现在时间的猜测

此时，must可以用来表示对现在的状态或动作进行猜测。如果是状态，must后面直接跟表状态的谓语动词即可;如果是动作，must后面的谓语动词则要采用be

doing的形式。如：

状态：He must be over 40 years old. (他肯定有四十多岁了。)

动作：He must be reading in the library now. (他现在肯定正在图书馆看书。)

(二)对过去时间的猜测

此时，must后面的谓语动词如果是状态，则采用“must have+表状态的动词的过去分词”;如果是动作，则采用“must have

done”的形式;如果是过去进行的动作，则采用“must have been doing”的形式。如：

状态：He must have been in the bathroom when I called him last night.

动作：He must have finished his homework before dinner yesterday.

过去进行：He must have been listening to loud music, for he didn't answer my

call.

四、特殊用法

(一)表偏偏

此时，must表达的是说话者不耐烦的语气或是与说话者愿望相反的情况。如：

Why must you come in at this moment? (你为什么偏偏在这个时候进来?)

(二)用作名词

must也可以直接用作普通名词，表示“必须做的事，必需的东西”。如：

A raincoat is a must in the rainy season. (在雨季雨衣是必备之物。)

His new novel is a must for all lovers

新概念英语第一册语法解析：There be 句型

There be 句型 表示哪里有什么东西(某处有某物)

There is+单数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)

There is a book in this room.

There is a pen on the table

There are+复数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)

There are two pens on the table.

There are three schools there.

★变疑问句将be动词移到句首

Is there a book in this room?

Are there two pens on the table?

★变否定句在动词后面加not

There is not a book in this room.

There are not two pens on the table.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, there is. No, there is not.

Yes, there are. No, there are not.

新概念英语第一册语法解析：Be going to 结构

Be going to 结构 表示打算，准备，计划做某事

★结构：主语+be动词+going to +动词原型

I am going to make a bookcase.

They are going to paint it.

The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.

★变疑问句将be动词移到句首

Are you going to make a bookcase?

Are they going to paint it?

Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?

★变否定句在be动词后面加not

I am not going to make a bookcase.

They are going to paint it.

The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, I am. No, I am not.

Yes, they are. No, they are not.

Yes, he is. No, he is not.

★特殊疑问句

What are you going to do?

What are they going to do?

What is the father going to do?

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